The base-rate fallacy: Ignoring base-rate or statistically significant information, such as sample size or the relative frequency of an event, in favor of less relevant information e.g.The sunk cost fallacy: Following through on a project or decision because we have already invested time, effort, or money into it, even if the current costs outweigh the benefits.Ecological fallacy: Making inferences about the nature of individuals based on aggregate data for the group.Correlation/causation fallacy: Claiming that two events that occur together have a cause-and-effect relationship even though this can’t be proven.Common types of fallacy that may compromise the quality of your research are: ![]() By attacking the concept of slippery slope arguments you can show that they are often fallacious.Ī fallacy is a mistaken belief, particularly one based on unsound arguments or one that lacks the evidence to support it. In these instances, use an example that demonstrates the problem with slippery slope arguments in general (e.g., by using statements to reach a conclusion that is not necessarily relevant to the initial statement). Sometimes people commit a slippery slope fallacy unintentionally.Every proposition has to be true for the overall argument to work, so even if one link is irrational or not supported by evidence, then the argument collapses. Ask yourself if each link in the chain of events or action is valid. ![]() You can point out these missing steps and ask your partner to indicate what evidence exists to support the claimed relationship between two or more events. is an example of the red herring fallacy. For example, the sentence Tommy said Bob hit him last night, but that can’t be true Bob is the best student in my class.
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